Standard Rate (20%):
- Applies to most goods and services.
- Examples: electronics, clothing, and professional services.
Reduced Rate (5%):
- Applies to certain goods and services deemed beneficial for social policy.
- Examples: children’s car seats, domestic fuel and power.
Zero Rate (0%):
- Applies to specific goods and services to reduce the cost of living.
- Examples: most food items, children’s clothing, books, newspapers, and public transport.
Don’t let VAT confusion slow you down! Use our VAT calculator to quickly and accurately determine the right VAT amount for your purchases or sales — whether it’s electronics, fuel, or books etc.
Read : VAT rates on different goods and services
History
| Year | Standard VAT Rate (%) | Reduced VAT Rate(s) (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 1973 | 10 | – |
| 1979 | 15 | – |
| 1991 | 17.5 | 5 |
| 2008 | 15 | 5 |
| 2010 | 20 | 5 |
| 2025 | 20 | 5 |